When choosing a country to live, invest in, or simply admire, cleanliness often takes a backseat to factors like economic opportunities or political stability. But let’s not forget the importance of a clean environment – it affects health, happiness, and overall quality of life.
Living in a country with clean air, pristine water, and effective waste management can significantly enhance your daily experience.
So, what is the cleanest country in the world? According to the 2024 Environmental Performance Index (EPI), the cleanest country is Estonia, a small yet mighty Baltic nation that has become a global leader in environmental responsibility and sustainability.
Let’s explore what makes Estonia stand out, while also highlighting the other countries that excel in environmental cleanliness.
Understanding the Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is a comprehensive tool developed by Yale and Columbia universities in collaboration with the World Economic Forum.
EPI evaluates 180 countries based on 40 performance indicators across 11 categories, including air quality, water and sanitation, biodiversity, and climate change mitigation.
These indicators are grouped under three key policy objectives: ecosystem vitality, climate change performance, and environmental health.
The EPI provides an invaluable framework for assessing how well countries safeguard natural resources and human health. It highlights the global leaders in environmental policies and offers a roadmap for other nations to follow.
Estonia: The Cleanest Country in the World
Estonia ranks as the cleanest country in the world, with an impressive EPI score of 75.3. This small Baltic nation has earned its top spot due to its ambitious environmental policies, pristine natural landscapes, and exceptional air quality.
Environmental Leadership
Estonia has made remarkable strides in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to renewable energy sources.
Estonia is the proof that technology development and nature preservation can go together in an effort for true sustainability.
The country is on track to become entirely fossil fuel-independent by 2050, making it one of the few nations globally to decarbonize at the rate needed to meet international climate goals.
This shift is driven by a reduction in oil shale power generation and an expansion of wind, solar, and biomass energy. Estonia’s high level of digitalization and 100% smart meter coverage have further accelerated its energy transition.
Air Quality and Biodiversity
Estonia boasts some of the cleanest air in the world, meeting the World Health Organization’s stringent air quality guidelines. The country also excels in biodiversity and habitat preservation, ranking seventh globally in this category.
With numerous protected areas covering vast ecosystems, Estonia has successfully balanced economic development with environmental conservation.
Other Leading Clean Countries
Luxembourg
Luxembourg ranks second on the EPI with a score of 75. The country has made significant progress in waste management, wastewater treatment, and renewable energy adoption.
Despite its rapid population growth and economic expansion, Luxembourg has maintained its environmental integrity, thanks to its rural landscapes and natural parks.
Germany
Germany comes in third with an EPI score of 74.6. Known for its leadership in renewable energy and sustainability, Germany has excelled in biodiversity protection and waste management.
Cities like Freiburg are often hailed as models of green urban living, with extensive cycling infrastructure and public transportation systems.
Finland
With an EPI score of 73.7, Finland is a global leader in renewable energy and forest conservation. The country derives 42% of its energy from renewable sources and has some of the cleanest drinking water in the world.
Finland’s commitment to environmental education and public awareness further strengthens its position as a clean and sustainable nation.
United Kingdom
The UK ranks fifth with an EPI score of 72.7. The country has made significant investments in renewable energy and biodiversity conservation.
Local councils, like those in County Durham, have implemented large-scale recycling initiatives, contributing to cleaner environments and more sustainable communities.
Sweden
Sweden, with an EPI score of 70.5, is a pioneer in renewable energy and low carbon emissions.
There is more to Sweden than ABBA and IKEA. The country is recognized as one of the most successful in its efforts to preserve its forest and wildlife.
The country’s environmental tax reforms and green initiatives have made it one of the most sustainability-focused nations in the world.
Norway
Norway ranks seventh with an EPI score of 70. The country is well-known for its effective waste management systems and commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Norway’s sustainable practices especially make it a haven for ecotourism and outdoor enthusiasts.
Austria
Austria, with an EPI score of 69, is celebrated for its lush forests and commitment to renewable energy, particularly hydropower.
The country’s pristine landscapes and vibrant cultural heritage make it a top destination for sustainable tourism.
Switzerland
Switzerland ranks ninth with an EPI score of 68. Its strict environmental regulations and high levels of protected areas contribute to its clean air and biodiversity.
Iconic destinations, like the car-free village of Zermatt, showcase Switzerland’s commitment to sustainability.
Denmark
Denmark rounds out the top ten with an EPI score of 67.9. The country has a long history of green initiatives, from waste-to-energy plants to renewable energy projects. Its capital, Copenhagen, is a global model for sustainable urban living.
Why a Clean Country Matters
Living in a clean country goes beyond aesthetics—it directly impacts health, well-being, and economic opportunities. Clean air reduces respiratory illnesses, while effective waste management prevents waterborne diseases.
Moreover, clean countries often attract tourism and foreign investment, boosting their economies and creating a higher standard of living for their residents.
Estonia’s rise to the top of the EPI rankings is a testament to the power of effective environmental policies and public commitment to sustainability.
However, other nations like Luxembourg, Germany, and Finland also serve as shining examples of how cleanliness and environmental stewardship can coexist with economic growth.
Whether you’re an investor, a global citizen, or simply a person who is looking for a better quality of life, these countries prove that a clean environment isn’t just a luxury – it’s an absolute necessity.
